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The most common oral health problems affecting people with diabetes are

• Gum disease
• Dry mouth
• Tooth decay
• Thrush
• Mouth ulcers
• Taste disturbances
• Gum abscesses (an infection of the tooth and or gums)

Why do people with diabetes have a greater risk of oral health problems?

• Poor blood glucose control leads to bacteria growth (bacteria loves the sweet environment) and increases the risk of infections. Dry mouth can also occur when blood glucose levels are high.
• Medications for diabetes, blood pressure, heart problems and anti-depressants may cause dry mouth and taste disturbance, such as a metallic taste.
• Smokers have a much higher risk of gum disease and may also contribute to having a dry mouth.
• Hypo treatments such as sweetened fizzy drinks and lollies can lead to tooth decay.

Important tips to help prevent oral health problems

• Keep blood glucose levels within target (if you are unsure of what your target levels should be, talk to your diabetes educator, diabetes specialist or GP)
• Follow a healthy diet (if you need help with this, see your local Accredited Practicing Dietitian)
• Clean your teeth and gums twice a day with tooth paste that contains fluoride. It is also a good idea to gently brush your tongue each day to remove bacteria and keep your mouth fresh and healthy.
• Use dental floss or interdental cleaners every day to clean between your teeth.
• Avoid a dry mouth by drinking plenty of water and chewing sugar-free gum to stimulate saliva production. Biotene has a range of dry mouth products that may help
• Don’t smoke.
• If you treat a hypo, it is important to brush your teeth half an hour later to remove sugar from your teeth and prevent decay and cavities
• See your dentist every six months (even if you wear dentures, you are still at risk of gum disease).